1. JavaScript
Invented by Brendan Eich, JavaScript is a multi-paradigm, compiled programming language. After it’s debut in 1995, JavaScript was developed for Netscape2, which was the first web browser to support JavaScript and animated gifs. Through it’s early years, it went through many names. It started out as Mocha which evolved into LiveScript, which eventually became what we know it as today. JavaScript is now the most popular programming language in the world, being used for over 95% of web and game development.
2. Python
Python is a structural, object-oriented, and functional programming language. This interpreted language was created in the 1980’s in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC Programming language. Python went through many updates, 2.0 being released in October 2000, 3.0 in December 2008, to the most recent one, 3.10.7, being released this year, 2022. However, there were a few updates which were expedited this year as well, 3.10.4 and 3.9.2 being a couple of them. They were expedited due to severe security issues. These have since been fixed. Apps like Netflix and Spotify use Python programming, as well as Google, Facebook, and Instagram.
3. C++
C++ (Pronounced “See-Plus-Plus”) is a compiled programming language with object-oriented, generic, and functional paradigms. Development for this language began in 1982 by a Danish computer scientist by the name of Bjorne Stroustrup. He released the first version in 1985, which ended up being used commercially for the first time in October of that year. The basis for future standard reference for C++ was released in version 2.0 in 1989, and the most recent version, C++20, was released in 2020. C++ has been used to develop websites such as Youtube, Amazon, and Mozilla Firefox.
4. BASIC
BASIC is an interpreted programming language which has adopted an object-oriented paradigm. It was created at Dartmouth in 1964 by John G. Kemeny and Thomas E. Kurtz, who later coined the Dartmouth Time Sharing System (DTSS). DTSS allowed multiple users to run and edit multiple BASIC programs at the same time on separate computers. In the mid-1070’s, the influx of microcomputers motivated the development of multiple BASIC dialects. By the late ’70’s, BASIC was the main program being used in home computers. By the 1990’s, however, BASIC declined in popularity, although it was later combined with a visual forms builder by Microsoft to create a new and improved program, “Visual Basic.” BASIC is a very simple language and isn’t used commercially anymore, but because of it’s simplicity, it’s used to teach the basics of programming.
5. Ruby
Yukimhiro Matsumoto invented the Ruby programming language in 1993 in Japan, and released three more versions in the two days that followed. Throughout the next seven years, four stable versions of Ruby were realeased, those being 1.0 in 1996, 1.2 in 1998, 1.4 in 1999, and 1.6 in 2000. By 2000, Ruby was more popular in Japan than Python. As of now, the latest three versions of Ruby are still supported, 2.7, 3.0, and 3.1, the latest being released in 2021. Ruby has been used to create programs such as Airbnb, Hulu, Github, and Kickstarter.